(GED Science/Life Science; Lesson 4)- Health Issues

March 23, 2021
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GED Science, LIFE SCIENCE
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Health issues

Human health can be affected by the following:

  • Nutrition
  • Infections
  • Substance abuse
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Nutrition

A healthy diet contains the right nutrients that are needed for growth, normal functioning, and maintenance of cells. The body gets it nutrient from the food we eat. Too much or less of these nutrient can lead to health issues in the body. These types of nutrition are listed below:

  • Carbohydrates
  • Fats 
  • Proteins
  • Vitamins
  • Minerals 
  • And water 
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Infections

Infection occurs when the body is invaded by gems (microorganisms that cause diseases). Infections are classified based on the type of microorganisms that cause them; it may be caused by bacteria or viruses others could be fungi, protozoans, worms. Ways in which germs can enter the body are as follows:

  • Germs can enter the body through breaks in the skin. E.g. tetanus
  • Through contaminated food and water. E.g. food poisoning
  • By contaminated blood or saliva. E.g. rabies
  • Through air. E.g. influenza
  • Through sex. E.g. gonorrhea
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Note that the body can defend itself against diseases. It natural defense are

  • Skin
  • Tears
  • Acid in the stomach
  • And mucous membranes in the nose

But if the germs still manage to get past the natural defense, then the immune system will begin to produce antibodies that kill the germs

Ways in ways disease can be reduced are as follows:

  • Good living conditions
  • Safer water and sewage system
  • Better nutrition
  • Immunization
  • antibiotics

Substance abuse

Misuse or abuse of drugs can disturb the structure or functioning of a body system. Drugs can have positive effect or negative effect depending on the kind of drug we use or the purpose of the drug. If use (drug) properly it can relieve its symptoms or work effectively. Some drugs are not medicinal drugs like nicotine which is found in tobacco can cause harm than good to the body as a whole. Most drugs are abuse without doctor’s prescription. Some drugs like nicotine, speed, heroin, alcohol and barbiturates are abuse on a daily basic because of the addictive nature of the drug. These kinds of drugs can lead to habituation (even though there are no withdrawal symptoms.  Drugs that cause habituations can also lead to habituations are marijuana and hallucinogens. Most substances are inhalants therefore they can be sniffed and these affect the nervous system, these substances are glue, gasoline, and aerosols.

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Questions

  1.     If Davies loves drinking beer daily and he only drinks beer if he feels a strong urge or desire to drink. Though no side effect if he doesn’t. What is Davies relationship with the beer? A. Addiction B. Physical dependence C. Habituation D. abstinence

Ans: C, this means he only has a psychological dependence on alcohol.

  1. Which of the options below stands as the body’s initial barriers against germs? A. Antibodies B. Mucous membrane C. Immunization D. Drugs

Ans: B, is one of the natural defense against infections or germs

  1. Health can be affected by …………….? A. Antibiotics B. Immune system C. Nutrition D. Dependence

Ans: C

  1. Microorganism can cause …………? A. diseases B. bacteria C. Psychological dependence D. Antibodies

Ans: A

  1. Some drugs are not medicinal drugs like………….? A. Nicotine B. Antibiotics C. Acid in the stomach D. Paracetamol

Ans: A

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